History of the Union Canal

For several decades before the railway was established, the Union Canal provided an important commercial link across central Scotland.

Cross Country Coal

The carriage of coal was the main impetus for building the Union canal. Although war with France saw its construction delayed, Parliament eventually gave the green light in 1817, with contruction starting in 1818 and the canal finally opening in 1822.

Glasgow to Edinburgh

An eleven-lock flight connected the canal with the Forth and Clyde canal at Falkirk, providing a direct inland connection between the cities of Glasgow and Edinburgh which originally included a regular passenger service.

The Canal's profitability was greatly diminished by the opening of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway in 1842. The lock flight was demolished in the 1930's and following a period of steady decline, the Union Canal was abandoned in the 1960's.

Millenium Link

In 2001, the canal was rejuvenated and triumphantly reopened as part of the £78m Millenium Link - the largest canal restoration ever in Britain. The project incorporated the construction of the Falkirk Wheel, reconnecting the Union Canal and the Forth and Clyde Canal for the first time in over 70 years.

Edinburgh Regeneration

Edinburgh Quay is a major regeneration project centred on the site of Lochrin Basin, in the heart of Scotland's capital. It provides around 90 waterfront apartments, 150,000 square feet of offices and 55,000 square feet of retail and restaurant space.

FACT!

The canal was originally known as the Edinburgh and Glasgow Union Canal, to celebrate the uniting of Scotland's two leading cities by the canal network.

Top tips

  • Why was the canal built?
    The main reason for building the canal was to carry coal. The 11-lock flight at Falkirk joining the Forth & Clyde and Union Canals also provided a passenger service between the main cities.
  • How long did it take to build?
    Construction started in 1818 and the canal was opened in 1822.
  • Why did it close?
    With the Edinburgh & Glasgow Railway opening in 1842, and the lock flight at Falkirk demolished in the 1930s, the canal was finally abandoned in the 1960s.
  • When did it open again?
    In 2001, as part of the Millennium Link – the largest canal restoration in Britain. The construction of the 115ft high Falkirk Wheel meant the Union Canal and the Forth & Clyde Canals were once again reconnected in 2002.
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